Thank you for asking such an important question. It is indeed important to make a distinction between postnatal depression and baby blues as the treatments for both conditions are vastly different.
Every other woman would feel a bit weepy, moody, flat or unsure of herself on the third or fourth day after having a baby. This is usually called 'baby blues' or 'maternity blues.' Their mood usually improves after a week or so after the mother learns to get herself organised and deal with the challenges and excitement of motherhood. However, if the low mood persists for longer than 2 weeks, then the diagnosis of postnatal depression (PND) has to be considered.
PND usually starts within a month of the delivery but can have its onset up to 6 months following delivery. The condition can remain for months, or even years, if it is left untreated. It is wonderful that you have insight into your condition and decide to seek treatment. PND occurs in about 10% of women.
Very often, the mother may need only reassurance, practical support and supportive counselling. What I would do will be to explore with the patient how she coped with stressful events in the past and how she can continue to mobilise her resources and skills to deal with the current challenges. Talking with other mothers may also help as many of them have embarked on a similar journey and encountered the same challenges.
Sometimes the underlying causes of depression could stem from many other sources. For instance, a case whom I saw recently became depressed as her husband had an extra marital affair when she was pregnant and she only knew about it after her delivery. Some couples also have problems with their in laws who oftentimes have their own ideas of how small children should be brought up. Another case of PND that I treated some time ago had problems with housing and that took many months to get sorted out.
In the management of postnatal depression, it is crucial to get the husband involved as well and he may also need help to adjust to parenthood.
There is some research that demonstrates that PND may affect the mother-infant relationship and the cognitive and emotional development of the infant. Hence it is important to seek treatment early. May I urge you to approach your family physician for an evaluation. You can also arrange to see a psychiatrist.
Take good care of yourself and your family. Cheers!
